Women and Devolpment in Northern Africa Essay - 1051 Words

Women and Development in Northern Africa Gender inequality is a massive problem for women and girls and development has begun to take place to over come this injustice to the female population in North Africa and the Middle East. Gender inequality has become an important and visible issue for economies of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). I have researched on how women of North Africa are deprived from many opportunities as well as being under educated. The female population has suffered immensely in Africa. Presently, women of Africa, like many women in third world countries have not been included as equal and effective stakeholders in processes that determine their lives. Women of Africa continue to have less access to†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"This hampers Africa’s development by excluding the perspectives, skills and dynamism of half the population† (Takyiwaa Manuh). Females are deprived from education because they are not expected to make an econ omic contribution to their families. Studies have found that when girls are educated they have economic opportunities. Their families have more of a stake in their survival and success. Widening access to education for females are critical to economic growth and social development. With access to education and the work force, women and girls are marrying later and are able to take part in household decisions. Women in the Middle East and North Africa are securing additional rights. Women development is growing in the region. Restricting the participation of women in public and economic life limits economic development and national potential. Empowering women and providing opportunities for their full integration into all aspects of society is not just an issue of justice for women but also a vital factor in creating a climate positive to achieving sustainable progress and development. The development of the female population empowers them to work harder and build stronger families, a richer community, and take pride in their progress. Encouragement improves development on all levels for women, which in turn causes regional growth and progress and closing the development gap. As I reflect on the wealth of information from the

Importance of Biodiesel Free Essays

IMPORTANCE OF BIODIESEL The world’s accessible oil reservoirs are gradually depleting due to a burgeoning demand of fossil fuels. Owing to the enormous dependency of transport vehicles running on gasoline engines, the development of bio-gasoline may well reduce the dependence of the fuel market on fossil fuels. Biofuel development has gained the attention of researchers in recent years owing to the rate of depletion of fossil fuels. We will write a custom essay sample on Importance of Biodiesel or any similar topic only for you Order Now Several processes are currently employed in the conventional production ofdifferent biofuels: the production of biodiesel is catalytically performed either through the transesterification of triglycerides using alcohol or the deoxygenative ecofining of triglycerides in a nonalcoholic environment; bio-oil is produced by the pyrolysis of biomass; bio-ethanol is produced by thefermentation of sugars obtained from starch or cellulosic based biomass, while bio-gasoline is producedfrom the catalytic cracking of triglycerides. The present work investigates the suitability of mesuaferrea (nahar) oil seed as a source of alternative fuel in CI engines. Non-edible straight vegetable oil obtained from mesuaferreaseeds was extracted using a solvent extraction technique. The catalytic cracking mesuaferrea seed oil to biofuel was studied in a microwave reactor with selected catalysts at . 500-600? C The thermo-physical and chemical properties of straight mesuaferrea oil were determined. The flash point, kinematic viscosity, and density of the straight mesuaferrea oil were found to be much higher than diesel, though the calorific value was found to be lower. The variation in thermo-physical and chemical properties of various blends of straight mesuaferrea oil and diesel were studied after fraction of biofuel products may be obtained at different temp. The present study also report on the use of nahar oil as a potential source of biodiesel that can be used as a partial substitute for fossil fuels. How to cite Importance of Biodiesel, Papers

Comparing Womans Perspective in Average Waves in Essay Example For Students

Comparing Womans Perspective in Average Waves in Essay Unprotected Waters and Everyday Use comparison compare contrast essaysWomans Perspective in Average Waves in Unprotected Waters and Everyday Use Average Waves in Unprotected Waters and Everyday Use Unlike a great deal of literary works created by male authors with the predominant mans viewpoint, the two short stories distinctively portray the womans world from the womans perspective. For instance, the events and conflicts in these two fascinating works are centered upon the domestic details of housekeeping, the education of children, marriage, and weaving quilts etc. Therefore, it is easy to assume that the two stories have much in common regarding those issues. However, it does not hold true in this case. The point in question is that each work draws a totally different portrait based on region, culture and race. The protagonist, Bet, in Average.. . is a white woman who lives with her mentally disabled son in an urban area after her husband ran away. Bet recalls her bitter past tainted with her wrongful judgement about her marriage and the deaths of her parents. Given that her son, Arnold, gets much wilder as he grows up, Bet decided to carry him to the hospital willy-nilly. In the course of the trip to the hospital, Bet shows her deep affection toward her son and at the same time, her past is revealed with the pensive mood suggesting that she has gone through a lot of agony, trouble, loneliness and helplessness in and around the household domain. Despite her resolution to secure her own life, Bet ultimately loses everything: her husband, her parents and lastly her dear son. The emptiness she feels at the station, coupled with the bitterness with regard to her son, dominates Bet; however, she finds an escape from the unexpected oration at the station, thus helping her to forget those grievances and indulge in a temporary departure from tedious everyday urban life. In other words, this work reflects the stark reality a white woman faces in the urban life and simultaneously suggests American optimism. On the other hand, Everyday Use depicts an illiterate, masculine, black woman who emphasizes the tradition of the South

The Infinity Mirror Essays - Mirror, , Term Papers

The Infinity Mirror "Tularecito" is a myth about truth. Tularicito, just a character of that myth, is the focus for this glossed over fable. Steinbeck draws on this form of genre to present the idea that we are all a part of what happens to others, based upon our nature. The image presented of Tularecito is that of a demon, an idiot savant, a boy with a gift from God, and that gift's cost. He is a freak, a dangerous misfit, an innocent who does not need the constraints of reality. Tularecito is a test. The test is one of moral caliber. It is a test of the souls of the characters who overshadaow Tularecito. Pancho is a man that is both holy and sinful. His purfunctory act of church going becomes true belief as alcohol demons induce him to halucinate a deformed boy into an outcast from hell. He looks into his mirror and sees himself, becomes shaken, reforms. From Pancho's employer, Franklin Gomez, we get a cold hard look into society. We see a mother, knowing her son is to be hated and feared, and perhaps possibly killed, cannot face killing her son with her bare hands. She leaves the killing to exposure to the elements, enying herself a look into Tularecito. Franklin adopts Pancho's demon, and Tularecito transforms into a disadvantaged who has been gifted with talent. Tularecito becomes a man at the age of six, "The boy grew rapidly, but after the fifth year his brain did not grow any more," To Franklin, Tularecito is grace, and graceless. He is talented in all things of any physical strength, and well proficient in the creation of beauty, and an artist in the care for life of nature. The touch of Tularecito brings beauty, and life, and love to the world, until he becomes enraged, (should anyone endanger what came from the touch of his hand). Franklin looked into Tularecito's mirror and saw what Tularecito was. Authority views come from several directions. While one teacher sees Tularecito as a Pavlovian dog, needing to be trained, the other sees him as an idiot savant, needing only to be pushed into harmless fantasy. This leads a third view of Tularecito, one of a simple minded killer that needs to be locked up for his own good. Tularecito is viewed as less than human from the start. His name means "little frog", and his physical disabilities are seen by all, causing fear. Tularecito is a noble savage. Dangerous to look at but hiding the soul of God, hf is intimidating, a creator, and dangerously tempermental. As Steinbeck weaves his tale, it is obviously full of metaphors on the basic belief of our society that everything must be forced into a plausable category, fit for inclusion into the human race. Tularecito should never have gone to school. He would have been happy living at home, simple as he was. In the end society takes Tularecito and makes him a monster. Since monsters are not allowed into human society, Tularecito goes looking for a different society that he does belong to. Unfortunately this society doen not exist. Tularecito has no control over his perceptions of reality and fantasy. He searches for a world of fantasy, and in his efforts, he creates a hole. When this hole is covered up, it confirms Tularecito's belief in fantasy. Tularecito creates another hole, and waits for his fantasy to show. Tularecito has only one flaw. He believes that what he created should not be destroyed. Whenever this happens, should it be school, work, or fantasy, Tularecito defends his creations with the only thing he can understand, violence. It is not like true, calculated violence, but very much like a motor nerve reaction. He reacts with pure emotion and pain, and eventually he kills. Steinbeck tells an interesting story with Tularecito as a mirror. In fact, all the characters in the story are mirrors. As we look at them we see how we measure against them. But Tularecito is a mirror with an infinity of sides. He is a tool for testing human beliefs, one of which is that sometimes, it is better to leave things alone than to

Medical Marijuana California theunioncollective.org

Medical Marijuana California theunioncollective.org Medical Marijuana Program was established by the Medical Marijuana California to provide a voluntary medical identification card and register qualified patients and caregivers.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Medical Marijuana California: theunioncollective.org specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The web based program allows the law enforcers to access and verify the validity of the patients possessing the registered card. These cards allow qualified patients and caretakers to be in possession of marijuana. They are also allowed to grow transport and use medical marijuana in California. Under the Senate Bill 420, the medical marijuana program is administered to patients only in their county of residence. According to California Department of Health (para 2) a physician is mandated with issuance of a recommendation to help the patient obtain marijuana for medication purposes. The patient is then given a card for identif ying him/herself as legally allowed to have medical marijuana. It is upon both the state and county to cater for the expenses involved in the program. On 5th November, 1996, the residents of California passed the proposition 215 and an initiative measure was added to the Health and Safety Code also known as the Compassionate Use Act of 1996. The main purpose of the act was to improve the health of people who have serious ailments in California through giving them the right to use and possess marijuana for medical purposes where it is deemed appropriate by a physician. There should be reason to administer the marijuana if it would benefit the patient in the treatment of including chronic pain, AIDS, spasticity, arthritis, and many more ailments (ProCon.org para 3). Secondly, the act was formulated to ensure both the patient and the caregivers who obtain and use marijuana are not liable to criminal prosecution for being in possession of the drugs. Generally marijuana is an illegal dru g; both growers and users that do not have a license to grow and use marijuana are in violation of the law and serious consequences are imminent if one is found. The health and safety code provides protection for physicians who are participating in the implementation of the act.Advertising Looking for report on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The provision states that no physician will be punished or be denied rights for prescribing medical marijuana, given that he does it within the legal framework (Medical Board of California para 4). Medical Board of California formulated the above statement due to the rising and emerging treatment modes using medical marijuana. The statement is a relief to physicians since it assures them that they will not be prosecuted or be subject to investigation by the Medical Board of California if they recommend medical marijuana as part of their regular practice of medi cine to their patients. A physician cannot be investigated without substantial information or additional information being produced against the physician for not complying with the accepted standards. For a physician to offer recommendation for the use of marijuana by his or her patients, the physician must first follow reasonable and prudent steps for approving the medication just like any medication. These accepted standards include the following: The physician should first check the history of the patient and the appropriate prior examination of the patient. The physician should also develop a treatment plan for the patient with medical objectives. They should also discuss the possible side effects of using medical marijuana and should probe for informed consent. The physicians should also do a periodic review of the treatment and how the patients respond to the medical marijuana. They should also ensure that the consultation is a necessity for prescriptions and lastly, physician s should keep proper records which support their decision for prescribing the use of medical marijuana. Union Collective is an organization that grows, tests, sells, and delivers medical marijuana to patients who have been recommended to use it by a physician. The patient and the caregiver must possess identification from the Medical Marijuana Program for one to qualify to use and even grow medical cannabis. The Union Collective strives to ensure availability of high quality organic medicinal cannabis to qualified patients only. They also aim to eliminate use of harsh chemicals and pesticides and to enhance a fine taste medicine. Furthermore, the union is a caregiver that provides services to ailing patients suffering from ailments such as terminal cancer, glaucoma, autoimmune diseases, sleeping disorders, nausea, and anorexia among others.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Medical Marijuana California: theunioncollective.org specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Union Collective medical marijuana is organically grown and is local and found in the hills of North California. The medical marijuana is only restricted to patients who are qualified and recommended by a physician for the medical marijuana program. The members of Union Collective have an advantage since the medical marijuana has been made readily available and consistently offer supply of quality organic medicine. Union Collective has grown sufficient medical marijuana to ensure that they meet the market needs. The number of patients has been increasing yearly, hence Union Collective keeps on expanding their growth and production services. Secondly, they have an unparalleled delivery services through conserving hygiene, attention, and good services to their patients. The delivery services come with several benefits and advantages. They offer very unique services that are very catchy to the caregivers and the patients. These advantages are as follows: One is that they offer free delivery throughout the purchase process; no additional costs are included and the patient or the caregivers who order them pay only the stated price. Second is that there is a short time span for delivery. Placing an order between 11am and 8:30 pm will enable a purchaser to get it within two hours from the time of ordering. The quick delivery is done so as to increase efficiency and to help in cases of emergency (Union Collective para 3). Thirdly, payment is only done after the order has been delivered and inspection has been done by the patient. Medical marijuana should be of great quality and should be carefully inspected by the patient to ensure it is of the right specification as the patient ordered. Fourthly, all their products are free of molds, fungus, and other contaminants. They guarantee quality through lab-tests and ensuring that they are untainted. Through the lab-tests, they ensure that the risks of health problems are reduce d or minimized by testing that the medical marijuana is fully fit for consumption by the patients. Fifthly, pre-sale viewing is allowed through inspection of products using UV light for moulds and fungus.Advertising Looking for report on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This ensures that its users are certain of the quality of the products they are purchasing, hence avoiding health risks pertaining to medical marijuana that is contaminated or fungi infested. Sixthly, professional caregivers in the Union Collective are highly knowledgeable and they consistently offer good services to their patients. It is important that medical marijuana be used very well and for medicinal purposes only. Recreational use of the medical marijuana is not allowed and only qualified patients should use them. Therefore, a professional caregiver is important for advice or monitoring the use of the drug by qualified patients. Finally, Union Collective also deliver clones for patients to grow their own top-grade and untainted medical marijuana. They also provide advice on how to grow the clones safely and how to avoid cases of contamination and infestation by pests. The clones are also provided so that the patients and caregivers can efficiently avail medical marijuana for themselves (Union Collective para 3). Union Collective delivers their medical marijuana over a wide scope of area in California. The places that Union collective delivers in San Francisco includes Atherton, Belmont, Pacifica, Burlingame, San Carlos, Redwood City, San Francisco Bay, South San Francisco and many others. The supply of tested and quality medical marijuana has greatly benefitted the patients in the places they are supplied; they benefited from sufficient availability of the medical marijuana apart from its quality and safety. Union Collective has produced a variety of medical marijuana and their latest products include Jack Herer, Skywalker OG Wax, Sour Diesel, Head Band, L.A Confidential, Bubba Kush, Big Pete’s Treat, Durban Poison Wax and Pot of Gold. These varieties of medical marijuana are of different shapes sizes and purposes. The wide variety offers treatment for various illnesses as recommended by the organization (Union Collective para 1). Union Collectiv e has evaluated the arguments against the recreational use of marijuana. They have determined that most people are not aware of the dangers of using medical marijuana recreationally. In San Francisco, medical marijuana is commonly used and is readily available for patients. However, there is the tendency of people using the medical marijuana for recreation purposes rather than for medicinal purposes. The use of medical marijuana poses a great unseen risk to non prescribed users and also prescribed to a great extent. They warn that medical marijuana especially in the San Francisco bay area is of poor quality due to the use of chemicals to reduce insect infestation and microbial contaminants such as powdery mildew, fungi, and moulds. Use of chemicals such as the chloramine is used to treat powdery mildew, however, it is highly toxic when ingested by burning and affects patients suffering from cancer and who are undergoing treatment such as chemotherapy. Moreover, insects are a menace during flowering and development of the medical cannabis plant. In the event of insect infestation most grows will resort to use AvidTM to stop spider mites due to frustration and fear of losses. Spraying or watering with the chemicals to curb infestation leads to serious health effects when medical marijuana is used by patients from these growers (Union Collective para 4). Furthermore, medical cannabis users face a major problem because they access their majority of medical marijuana from dispensaries that do not test the medical marijuana since they are not required to do so. Cities such as San Jose and San Francisco have the majority of dispensaries in Northern California but have exposed the users to great health risks by not requiring them to do screen tests on the medical cannabis. In San Mateo County medical cannabis is more dangerous since it has no store front and relies only on delivery. Dispensaries in big cities have even offered to test the medical marijuana voluntarily to reduce the risk of intense effects of low quality medical marijuana. Union Collective has many dispensaries operating in San Jose and San Francisco. Statistically, 90 percent of the marijuana in California is not tested which is very worrying. Some other laboratories stated off the record that approximately 50 to 70 percent of the medical cannabis that is consumed is not of high quality and are contaminated in one way or another. Comparing to other states, California is far much better in regulation and screening of medical marijuana. There is also better control of the medical marijuana in terms of using and growing it (Union Collective para 2). In Colorado, medical marijuana requires screening in dispensaries hence improving the safety of the patients. However, the problem with Colorado is that there is no specific standard of the application of chemistry in testing standards. In conclusion, Union Collective recommends the importance of legal and illegal users to realize that medical grade cannabis is dangerous both in high quality and poor quality. The support of collectives such as Union Collective that test their medical marijuana should be supported until appropriate public health measures are taken into account by the relevant authorities (Union Collective 3). SWOT Analysis A SWOT analysis of California has been done to provide information about the company’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and possible threats against marijuana. Union Collective has various strengths including its compliance with the required standards of administering the drugs to the patients. Firstly, drugs are only given to qualified patients who have a genuine identification card from the Medical Marijuana Program. This has reduced the number of cases where medical marijuana is abused in California; cases of recreational use of medical marijuana are very common in California. Secondly, the drugs are of high quality and they have a wide variety of medical marijua na. Their delivery services are quick and sufficient for all its customers. Furthermore, they are quiet cheap due to non-additional costs of transport and they are readily available for the market. Thirdly, they supply their products in many places especially San Francisco has largely benefitted from the extensiveness of the availability of medical marijuana. Fourthly, Union Collective has knowledgeable caregivers who enhance safety and advice to qualified users. Lastly, they have taken an initiative to ensure that health risks emanating from the use of contaminated medical marijuana. Contamination and fungus infestation of medical marijuana is a serious issue on health and it may lead to complications for patients. Through the safe measure for production of marijuana, its users can comfortably use the drugs without worrying about intoxication. Weaknesses that Union Collective has are that there is a large amount of medical marijuana that is still in the market that is not tested. T his poses a challenge to its users since they have not been able to convince the large number of users the importance of using tested medical marijuana. Secondly, the delivery of clones to caregivers and patients who want to grow them could easily commercialize the marijuana and sell them to recreational users. Union Collective has availed various opportunities that Union Collective has taken into account. Since they offer quality services for their patients, they should take advantage of various opportunities to expand their dispensaries throughout California. Due to the growing acknowledgement and recognition of medical marijuana they have an opportunity to further their services in the sector. Medical marijuana is a growing treatment modality, and Union Collective should use the media to attract and to advertise the existence of safe and high quality medical marijuana. Moreover, they should also increase the number of professional personnel to improve the services and assurance ( Legalize Medical Marijuana para 6). Lastly, an analysis of the threats that Union Collective face is that there is a huge number of proliferated medical marijuana in the market that are not of great quality. This untested medical marijuana might lead to health problems and hence lead to a negative view of the medication it leads to questions of the side effects of using medical marijuana. Recreational users also pose a threat to the medical marijuana; many use it without the recommendation of the physician or force the physician to administer the medical marijuana unnecessarily. There is also less support that is given by the government to address the intensity of the issues regarding health risks of using untested medical marijuana. The government also has not supported collectives that genuinely test the medication (Debatepedia para 4). Some people sell the medical marijuana illegally due to the influx of dispensaries and has lead to federal threats (Klare para 1). Social Media So cial media has been used by Union Collective to reach out to its customers; their website offers room for asking questions and online registration. Their website provides information about the existence of their medical marijuana products and their prices, quality, and their services in general. Moreover, providing information on who is allowed and who is not allowed the medical marijuana and the effects of its use (Stryker 307). Their web also contains reports covering issues concerning the safety and dangers of using medical marijuana for both recreational purposes and medicinal purposes (Union Collective para 6). California Department of Health. Medical Marijuana Program. n.d. Web. cdph.ca.gov/programs/mmp/Pages/Medical%20Marijuana%20Program.aspx Debatepedia. Debate: Medical marijuana dispensaries. n.d. Web. http://debatepedia.idebate.org/en/index.php/Debate:_Medical_marijuana_dispensaries Klare, Joe. MPP and LEAP react to new federal threats to medical marijuana in CA. 2011, Oc tober 7. Web. http://the420times.com/2011/10/mpp-and-leap-react-to-new-federal-threats-to-medical-marijuana-in-ca/ Legalize Medical Marijuana. Use SWOT analysis business. n.d. Web. legalizemedicalmarijuana.info/use-swot-analysis-business/ Medical Board of California. Medical marijuana. n.d. Web. mbc.ca.gov/medical_marijuana.html ProCon.Org. Should marijuana be a medical option? n.d. Web. http://medicalmarijuana.procon.org/ Stryker, Joe Ellen. Articles media and marijuana: a longitudinal analysis of news media effects on adolescents marijuana use and related outcomes, 1977-1999. Journal on Health Communication 8.4 (2003): 305-328. Union Collective. Medical marijuana delivery in San Francisco bay area. n.d. Web. http://theunioncollective.org/

Understanding Stockholm Syndrome

Understanding Stockholm Syndrome Stockholm syndrome develops when people are placed in a situation where they feel intense fear of physical harm and believe all control is in the hands of their tormentor. The psychological response follows after a period of time and is a survival strategy for the victims. It includes sympathy and support for their captors plight and may even manifest in negative feelings toward officers who are trying to help the victims. Situations in which the victims have displayed this kind of response have included hostage situations, long-term kidnappings, members of cults, prisoners of concentration camps, and more. Key Takeaways: Stockholm Syndrome People exhibiting Stockholm syndrome become protective of their captors, even to the point of foiling the police efforts at their rescue.The syndrome is not a named disease in any manual but rather a description of peoples behaviors whove been traumatized over a period of time.While hostages and kidnapping victims can exhibit these behaviors, so can people in abusive relationships or members of cults. Origin of the Name The name Stockholm syndrome was derived from a 1973 bank robbery (Kreditbanken) in Stockholm, Sweden, where four hostages were held for six days. Throughout their imprisonment and while in harms way, each hostage seemed to defend the actions of the robbers. As an illustration of the hostages strange thoughts and behavior under psychological distress, History.com presents this example: [T]he hostage recounted to the New Yorker, How kind I thought he was for saying it was just my leg he would shoot.† The hostages even appeared to rebuke efforts by the government to rescue them. They pled for the captors not to be harmed during the rescue and orchestrated ways for that to happen. Immediately following the incident, the victims couldnt explain to psychologists their sympathetic feelings and lack of anger and hatred toward their captors. Months after their ordeal had ended, the hostages continued to exhibit loyalty to the robbers to the point of refusing to testify against them as well as helping the criminals raise funds for legal representation. They even visited them in prison. A Common Survival Mechanism The response of the hostages intrigued behaviorists and journalists, who, following the incident, conducted research to see if the Kreditbanken incident was unique or if other hostages in similar circumstances experienced the same sympathetic, supportive bonding with their captors. The researchers determined that such behavior was common among people whod gone through similar situations. A psychologist whod been involved with the Stockholm hostage situation coined the term Stockholm Syndrome, and another defined it for the FBI and Scotland Yard to enable officers to be able to understand that possible aspect of a hostage situation. The study of the condition helped inform their negotiations in future incidents of the same type. What Causes Stockholm Syndrome? Individuals can succumb to Stockholm syndrome under the following circumstances: The belief that ones captor can and will kill him or her. The feelings of relief by the victim for not being killed then turn to gratitude.Isolation from anyone but the captorsThe belief that escape is impossibleThe inflation of the captors acts of kindness into genuine care for each others welfareThe passage of at least a few days in captivity Victims of Stockholm syndrome generally suffer from severe isolation and emotional and physical abuse also demonstrated in characteristics of battered spouses, incest victims, abused children, prisoners of war, cult victims, procured prostitutes, slaves, and kidnapping, hijacking, or hostage victims. Each of these circumstances can result in the victims responding in a compliant and supportive way as a tactic for survival. It is similar to the reaction from brainwashing. Victims show some of the same symptoms as those who have post-traumatic stress syndrome (PTSD), such as insomnia, nightmares, difficulty concentrating, distrust of others, irritability, confusion, a sensitive startle reflex, and a loss of pleasure in once-favorite activities. Famous Cases In the year following the Stockholm bank incident, the syndrome was widely understood by the masses because of the case of Patty Hearst. Here is her story and other more recent examples: Patty Hearst Patty Hearst, at age 19, was kidnapped by the Symbionese Liberation Army (SLA). Two months after her kidnapping, she was seen in photographs participating in an SLA bank robbery in San Francisco. Later a tape recording was released with Hearst (SLA pseudonym Tania) voicing her support and commitment to the SLA cause. After the SLA group, including Hearst, was arrested, she denounced the radical group. During her trial her defense lawyer attributed her behavior while with the SLA to a subconscious effort to survive, comparing her reaction to captivity to other victims of Stockholm syndrome. According to testimony, Hearst had been bound, blindfolded, and kept in a small, dark closet, where she was physically and sexually abused for weeks before the bank robbery. Jaycee Lee Dugard On June 10, 1991, witnesses said they saw a man and a woman abduct 11-year-old Jaycee Lee Dugard by a school bus stop near her home in South Lake Tahoe, California. Her disappearance remained unsolved until August 27, 2009, when she walked into a California police station and introduced herself. For 18 years she was held captive in a tent behind the home of her captors, Phillip and Nancy Garrido. There Dugard gave birth to two children, who were ages 11 and 15 at the time of her reappearance. Although the opportunity to escape was present at different times throughout her captivity, Jaycee Dugard bonded with the captors as a form of survival. Natascha Kampusch In August 2006, Natascha Kampusch from Vienna was 18 years old when she managed to escape from her kidnapper, Wolfgang Priklopil, who had kept her locked in a small cell for more than eight years. She remained in the windowless cell, which was 54 square feet, for the first six months of her captivity. In time, she was permitted in the main house, where she would cook and clean for Priklopil. After several years of being held captive, she was occasionally allowed out into the garden. At one point she was introduced to Priklopils business partner, who described her as relaxed and happy. Priklopil controlled Kampusch by starving her to make her physically weak, severely beating her, and threating to kill her and the neighbors if she tried to escape. After Kampusch escaped, Priklopi committed suicide by jumping in front of an oncoming train. When Kampusch learned that Priklopil was dead, she cried inconsolably and lit a candle for him at the morgue. In a documentary based on her book, 3096 Tage  (3,096 Days), Kampusch voiced sympathy for Priklopil. She said,  I feel more and more sorry for him- hes a poor soul. Newspapers reported that some psychologists suggested Kampusch may have been suffering from Stockholm syndrome, but she does not agree. In her book, she said the suggestion was disrespectful of her and did not properly describe the complex relationship that she had with Priklopil. Elizabeth Smart More recently, some believe Elizabeth Smart fell victim to Stockholm syndrome after her nine months of captivity and abuse by her captives,  Brian David Mitchell and Wanda Barzee. She denies that she had sympathetic feelings toward her captors or captivity and explained that she was just trying to survive. Her kidnapping is portrayed in the 2011 Lifetime movie, I Am Elizabeth Smart, and she published her memoir, My Story, in 2013. She is now an advocate for child safety and has a foundation to provide resources for those whove suffered traumatic events. Lima Syndrome: The Flip Side When captors develop feelings of sympathy for their hostages, which is rarer, its called Lima syndrome. The name comes from a 1996 Peru incident during which guerrilla fighters took over a birthday party for Japanese Emperor Akihito, given at the home of the Japanese ambassador. In a few hours, most of the people had been freed, even some of the most valuable to the group. Sources Alexander, David A.,  and  Klein, Susan. â€Å"Kidnapping and Hostage-Taking: A Review of Effects, Coping and Resilience.† Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, vol. 102, no. 1, 2009, 16–21.Burton, Neel, M.D. What Underlies Stockholm Syndrome? Psychology Today. 24 March 2012. Updated: 5 Sept. 2017. https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/hide-and-seek/201203/what-underlies-stockholm-syndrome.Conradt, Stacy. The Bank Robbery Behind Stockholm Syndrome. Mental Floss. 28 August 2013. http://mentalfloss.com/article/52448/story-behind-stockholm-syndrome.Elizabeth Smart Biography. Biography.com. AE Television Networks. 4 April 2014. Updated 14 Sept. 2018. https://www.biography.com/people/elizabeth-smart-17176406.Inside Jaycee Dugards Terror Tent. CBS News. https://www.cbsnews.com/pictures/inside-jaycee-dugards-terror-tent/5/.Klein, Christopher. The Birth of Stockholm Syndrome, 40 Years Ago. History.com. AE Television Networks. 23 Aug. 2013. https://www.history.com/news /stockholm-syndrome. Stump, Scott. Elizabeth Smart on the one question that wont go away: Why didnt you run? Today.com. 14 Nov. 2017. https://www.today.com/news/elizabeth-smart-one-question-won-t-go-away-why-didn-t118795.

The Economics of the Doll and Car Industry in the USA and in China Term Paper

The Economics of the Doll and Car Industry in the USA and in China - Term Paper Example Doll Production Doll production does not involve much heavy equipment to carry out its industrial production according to the movie. Considering the fact that doll making could be very convoluted and intricate at some point, it requires more labor force than machines since most machines do not have the capability to perform extremely complicated tasks with high levels of precision. Also, doll production takes in a lot of workers to work on the quality checking, dressing, molding phase, and assembling. Looking at the conditions, doll manufacturers have lower production as compared to other industries such as the car industry in that doll industry implements labor intensity rather than capital intensity. This is the reason why the doll industry employs several hundreds to thousands of workers to meet its production quota. It’s vivid from the movie that doll production goes through several phases. These phases includes, molding body parts, assembling of the body parts, varying doll colors, doll dressing, quality check and packaging. Most of the China dolls are manufactured by low fired ceramic. The doll heads are labeled easily lost stickers inside the heads. Certainly, each phase calls for a lot of workers to perform each type of operation. Consequently, the current doll production process entails not just lower production but also higher production cost as doll manufacturers have to remunerate a considerable number of workers. Car Production In car production employs capital intensity in the manufacture of the cars. Car manufacturers use a large part of its capital to purchase and install extremely heavy and costly machines and robots rather than workers to carry out its production. (Economy Watch, â€Å"Capital Intensive Industry†). One fine example is the recently constructed Honda assembly plant in Wuhan, Central China. This new Honda facility poses a capability to produce thousands of cars annually. As a matter of fact, as stated on the video, DFAC Honda has produced 164,200 units in 2008 alone; and this is still way short to the facility’s maximum production capacity of 240,000 cars. Honda also underwent a joint venture, which combined Guangzhou Honda and DFAC Honda. This merger has resulted into Honda being one of the top five selling car brands, 470,000 units sold annually, and two independent channels of sales. Also, 95% of this production was sold in China, and 70% of the auto parts were supplied locally. Honda’s high production can be attributed to its implementation of capital intensity. It uses heavy equipment and high-priced machines to work as substitute for the labor force. In general, car manufacturers prefer this strategy in their production because it entails high production but lesser production cost. In the video, Honda installs hundreds of robots and heavy machines to build cars. These robots and machines work simultaneously and coordinately for a faster and more precise assembly of cars. Capital-intensive industries such as Honda do not necessarily discount the importance of labor force. Car manufactures still employ labor force to perform very important functions in the installation of small auto parts and for checking the quality of the car; although, car production requires smaller number of workers. Labor Intensity Labor intensity involves a large number of employees or longer hours of work from its employees in order to meet certain production quota. The production cost can be measured by taking the proportion between the labor cost and the capital cost. In the case of doll production, a lot of human labor is implicated since. This is because it involves a lot of complicated tasks and high levels of precision in the making unlike the car industry whereby human labor is minimal. This makes the doll industry is labor intensive. Capital Intensity Capital intensity entails an investment of the capital to heavy and expensive machines to act as substitute for a